Pricing & Profit

Gross Profit Calculator

Calculate gross profit and gross profit margin from total revenue and cost of goods sold for a period.

Enter revenue and COGS for the same accounting period.

Enter your values

Total revenue for the period.

$

Direct costs of the goods or services sold in the same period.

$

Results

Gross profit

Enter revenue and cost of goods sold.

Gross profit margin

Gross profit as a percentage of revenue.

Revenue

Total revenue for the period.

Cost of goods sold

Direct costs for the same period.

Results are estimates based on the values entered and are provided for general planning.

Method

How to calculate gross profit

Gross profit is a business-level figure: total revenue for a period minus the total direct cost of the goods or services sold in that period. Expressed as a percentage of revenue it becomes gross profit margin, which lets you compare periods and businesses of different sizes. This differs from unit economics, where a single item's selling price is compared with its own cost.

Formula

Gross profit = Revenue − Cost of goods sold
Gross profit margin = Gross profit ÷ Revenue × 100

Assumptions

  • Revenue and COGS cover the same accounting period and the same products.
  • COGS includes only direct costs of producing or purchasing what was sold.
  • Operating expenses, interest, and tax are excluded — those sit below the gross profit line.
  • Gross margin requires revenue above zero; with zero revenue the margin is shown as not applicable rather than infinite.

Gross profit and margin are calculated at full precision before display. Currency displays two decimals; margin displays two decimals.

How to interpret the result

Gross profit is the money available to cover operating expenses, interest, tax, and whatever profit remains. It is not net income. A negative gross profit means COGS exceeded revenue for the period — mathematically valid, and a signal that pricing, input costs, or inventory write-offs need attention. A falling margin with rising revenue usually points to discounting or input-cost inflation rather than a volume problem.

Gross profit versus net profit

Gross profit stops at direct costs. Net profit continues down the income statement through operating expenses, interest, depreciation, and tax. A business can post a healthy gross profit and still lose money overall.

Track both. Gross margin tells you whether pricing and production economics work; net margin tells you whether the whole operating structure is affordable at your current scale.

Why gross margin moves

Margin falls when input costs rise, when the sales mix shifts toward lower-margin products, or when discounting increases. It rises with price increases, supplier renegotiation, or a shift toward higher-margin lines.

Comparing the margin percentage across periods isolates these effects in a way the absolute gross profit figure cannot, because it removes the influence of sales volume.

Gross profit compared with related measures

Each measure stops at a different point on the income statement.

MeasureFormulaWhat it shows
Gross profitRevenue − COGSWhat remains after direct costs, before operating expenses.
Contribution marginRevenue − Variable costsWhat remains after all variable costs, used for break-even analysis.
Net profitRevenue − All costsWhat remains after operating expenses, interest, and tax.

Frequently asked questions

Gross profit = Revenue − Cost of goods sold. Expressed as a percentage of revenue it becomes gross profit margin.

Direct costs of producing or buying what was sold: materials, direct labour, inbound freight, and manufacturing overhead. Sales, marketing, admin, and interest are excluded.

This page works at the business level with period revenue and COGS. The profit margin calculator works at the unit level with one item's selling price and cost.

Yes. If COGS exceeds revenue the result is a negative gross profit, which the calculator reports as a valid figure.

Gross profit still calculates, but gross margin divides by revenue, so it is shown as not applicable instead of an undefined or infinite value.

Keep calculating

Related calculators

Profit margin covers the same idea for a single product, contribution margin isolates variable costs, and break-even shows the volume needed to cover fixed costs from that gross profit.

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